Viable cell count (VCC), a critical parameter in both microbial and mammalian cell cultures, fluctuates during batch and fed-batch cultures. VCC is determined conventionally through sampling and ...

Of the available on-line biomass assays, the radio-frequency impedance method (often referred to as capacitance) is generally regarded as the most robust and reliable method to monitor viable biomass ...

Continuous bioprocessing PAT requires real-time sensors and closed-loop control to maintain steady-state culture conditions.

Over the past decade, demand for nano-electrical characterization has rapidly increased due to the continuous miniaturization of electronic devices. The semiconductor and microelectronics industries ...

Researchers developed a washable textile-based IDC strain sensor that tracked yoga-inspired movements with 94.4% record-level ...