Birefringent crystalline materials are essential in advanced optical technologies such as isolators and modulators due to their ability to manipulate light polarization. However, designing ...

Free-space optical (FSO) communication is a promising technology for high-speed data transmission, but its effectiveness is highly dependent on precise beam alignment. In this work, we present a ...

The precision required poses several challenges for testing and packaging procedures, necessitating the precise alignment of fiber optic devices in high-throughput production settings. PI offers ...