In a root canal, the pulp is removed from the tooth. The inside of the tooth, including the root canals, is then cleaned and disinfected to remove bacteria. After this has been done, the tooth is ...

This study aimed to compare the effects of clear aligners and fixed appliances on root resorption, incisive canal (IC) morphology, and the spatial relationship between the maxillary central incisors ...

Background/objective This study compared one-year post-treatment stability between interproximal reduction (IPR) and mandibular incisor extraction (MIE) using American Board of Orthodontics – ...