Simulations consistently point to the vulnerability of larger refuelers concentrated at a handful of airfields.

Abstract: We formulate the Lebesgue-sampling-based optimal control problem. We show that the problem can be solved by the time aggregation approach in Markov decision processes (MDP) theory.

Melissa Horton is a financial literacy professional. She has 10+ years of experience in the financial services and planning industry. Robert Kelly is managing director of XTS Energy LLC, and has more ...

For decades, scientists have relied on a chemical fingerprint inside water molecules to determine where plants get their moisture. The method shaped our understanding of drought resilience, ...

Quantum computers—devices that process information using quantum mechanical effects—have long been expected to outperform classical systems on certain tasks. Over the past few decades, researchers ...

A recent sample from Dupo’s public water system exceeded state and federal limits for so-called “forever chemicals” known as PFAS, the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency announced Wednesday.

One of the coolest things about generative AI models — both large language models (LLMs) and diffusion-based image generators — is that they are "non-deterministic." That is, despite their reputation ...

Abstract: The feedback vertex set problem (FVSP), a combinatorial optimization problem, finds a set of vertices that intersect all cycles of the directed graph. One of the cutting-edge heuristics for ...

Study results showed the highest detectable concentrations of heavy metals were lead, barium and chromium. All samples except for lead had less than or the same levels expected for an urban area. The ...

Conducting a poll isn’t an exact science. The process is susceptible to lots of common problems and baked-in biases — more than just the “margin of error.” By ...

This story has been updated to show the former Erie Coke Corp. property has been acquired by the Erie-Western Pennsylvania Port Authority, and to correct the name of one of the organizations attending ...