This challenge included a hint saying, "It is recommended to use SageMath to solve this problem." There was also a link to a brief introduction to SageMath in the hints, but as I wrote on note the ...
These implementations are for demonstration purposes. They are less efficient than the implementations in the Python standard library.
This is an umbrella issue for the LuaJIT 3.0 syntax extensions. The documentation will be evolved and updated in the first comment below. 1 Please feel free to discuss the choice, design and semantics ...