Abstract: We formulate the Lebesgue-sampling-based optimal control problem. We show that the problem can be solved by the time aggregation approach in Markov decision processes (MDP) theory.

Melissa Horton is a financial literacy professional. She has 10+ years of experience in the financial services and planning industry. Robert Kelly is managing director of XTS Energy LLC, and has more ...

For decades, scientists have relied on a chemical fingerprint inside water molecules to determine where plants get their moisture. The method shaped our understanding of drought resilience, ...

Quantum computers—devices that process information using quantum mechanical effects—have long been expected to outperform classical systems on certain tasks. Over the past few decades, researchers ...

A recent sample from Dupo’s public water system exceeded state and federal limits for so-called “forever chemicals” known as PFAS, the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency announced Wednesday.

One of the coolest things about generative AI models — both large language models (LLMs) and diffusion-based image generators — is that they are "non-deterministic." That is, despite their reputation ...

Abstract: The feedback vertex set problem (FVSP), a combinatorial optimization problem, finds a set of vertices that intersect all cycles of the directed graph. One of the cutting-edge heuristics for ...

Conducting a poll isn’t an exact science. The process is susceptible to lots of common problems and baked-in biases — more than just the “margin of error.” By ...

The sample-centric duo on Return to Archive, their latest project to cull sounds from the legendary Smithsonian Folkways back catalogue When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an ...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technology that auditors are exploring, but they may not yet be reaping all the benefits it can offer In an audit, AI can be used in a variety of ways, including ...