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Plants need nitrogen to grow. Many legumes meet this need through a symbiotic relationship: They harbor bacteria that fix atmospheric nitrogen and make it available to the plant. Until now, it was ...

As sessile, photoautotrophic organisms, plants are subjected to fluctuating sunlight that includes potentially detrimental ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation. Experiments under controlled conditions have ...

Improving the efficiency of root systems should result in crop varieties with better yields, requiring fewer chemical inputs, and that can grow in harsher environments. Little is known about the ...

Effect of cotyledon and apex amputation on root growth. After 5 daig in the light, the following seedling parts were dissected: visible leaf primordia (−apex), one cotyledon (−1 cot), entire apex and ...